Blog
Why Bother Measuring Thresholds? The Real Value of Measuring Thresholds for Training
As endurance athletes and coaches, we often become fixated on finding our precise training...
2 minute read
How to Determine Your Breakpoints and Training Zones with Moxy
Determining your physiological breakpoints is a must, for training as optimally and efficiently as...
2 minute read
Limitations of FTP and Heart Rate-Based Training Zones
The Problem with Traditional Training Zone Methods Have you ever followed a training plan only to...
2 minute read
Limitations of Ramp and Short Step Tests for Physiological Training Zones
When it comes to determining your physiological training zones, the testing protocol you choose...
3 minute read
Beyond the Test: Why Daily Physiological Monitoring Matters More Than a Single Assessment
As endurance athletes and coaches, we often put tremendous weight on our testing results. Whether...
3 minute read
Understanding Your Training Zones: the First Step to Precision Intensity
Have you ever wondered what's actually happening in your muscles during training? Or why coaches...
2 minute read
Training and Racing with Moxy pt. 1 - An Overview
Understanding an Athlete’s Physiology Building an optimal training program for an endurance...
9 minute read
Meet Staff Physiologist Philip Batterson
Philip Batterson is a staff physiologist for Moxy Monitor. He is finishing a Ph.D. in molecular...
1 minute read
Meet Staff Physiologist Andri Feldmann
Andri Feldmann is a staff physiologist for Moxy. He’s been involved with Moxy since the first...
1 minute read
Control your intensity: daily application of muscle oxygenation monitoring.
How long should I train? How hard should I train? How often should I train and what will the...
6 minute read
Using Moxy for critical power and time to exhaustion during cycling
An article published in the Journal of Applied Physiology on April 29th shed light on some critical...
1 minute read
Case Study: Moxy for High Intensity Functional Training Pacing
Multimodal Fitness or High Intensity Functional Training (HIFT) has gained a considerable following...
2 minute read
The Role of the Metaboreflex In Respiratory Limited Athletes
5-1-5 assessments can be used to estimate the system that is most limiting to an athlete’s...
2 minute read
Moxy and VO2 Master: Physiological Testing Simplified
VO2max, thresholds, and efficiency are thought to be and certainly do have considerable predictive...
2 minute read
Moxy and PNOĒ – a match made in heaven
My journey into physiological testing and program design started approximately 20 years ago when...
3 minute read
Case Study: Adaptation to 5 Weeks of Training - Part 3
Introduction. Over the last few weeks a case study of 5 weeks of high intensity interval training...
2 minute read
Case Study: Adaptation to 5 Weeks of Training - Part 2
Introduction. In the last blog post I outlined how Moxy was used over the course of five weeks to...
4 minute read
Case Study: Adaptation to 5 Weeks of Training - Part 1
The goal of training is to improve performance. This typically involves skirting a very thin line...
2 minute read
Moxy in Research: Reliability and Validity of the Moxy Monitor
Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) devices have seen growing popularity in research and sporting...
2 minute read
Case Study – Interpretation of Repeat Desaturation Assessment
Introduction. In the last post how to complete a repeat desaturation protocol was discussed. This...
3 minute read
Assessment – Repeat Desaturation for Team and Multimodal Athletes
Introduction. The last few posts have covered the topic of assessments, and how Moxy/NIRS devices...
2 minute read
Assessment - Occlusion Response to Strength Training
Skeletal muscle oxygenation response during training/assessments can give great insights to how the...
2 minute read
Measuring Skeletal Muscle Oxidative Capacity with NIRS
Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a powerful non-invasive tool that allows researchers to...
4 minute read
Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy for Research
NIRS in Research. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a relatively new technology that has shown...
2 minute read
Case Study: Autoregulation for Sprint Intervals
While science does a great job of measuring the statistical norms of a population, the individual...
3 minute read
Is Autoregulation the next step in Athlete Training Optimization?
Scientists and coaches have long been searching for the perfect interval workout that pushes the...
2 minute read
How to Train an Athlete's Limiter
Over the last few blog posts, I have outlined how to Complete and Analyze a 5-1-5 Assessment....
2 minute read
Analysis of a 5-1-5 Assessment
The last blog post discussed how to complete a 5-1-5 Assessment to evaluate which system: cardiac,...
2 minute read
How to Complete a 5-1-5 Assessment
Purpose:The purpose of most physiologic testing is to find maximal or threshold values in order to...
3 minute read
Using a 4-1-4 Assessment to Identify Bilateral Oxygenation Differences
In the last few blog posts I identified a significant right left quad oxygenation imbalance during...
4 minute read
Moxy Trends at ACSM
We exhibited Moxy at the ACSM Annual Meeting last week and Moxy was everywhere. There were two...
2 minute read
Further Identification of Unilateral Imbalances Using Moxy
In the last blog post I detailed discrepancies in desaturation patterns in the right and left...
2 minute read
Identifying Unilateral Differences During Cycling with Moxy
Injuries are one of the major causes of stagnation or lack of progress during training. I am sure...
3 minute read
Case Study: Three 3min Critical Power Tests
In the last blog post I discussed the use of a 3 minute critical power test to monitor, and dictate...
2 minute read
Could a 3-minute critical power test replace FTP and CP testing?
Functional threshold power (FTP) tests have been used by cyclists to determine the highest...
2 minute read
Case Study: Behind the Rocks Muscle Oxygenation Analysis
In the last blog post, I detailed my adventure through the back country of Utah, in the Behind the...
2 minute read
Behind the Rocks 30k Recap
Warning: The following post, as opposed to having technical physiology, is mainly a recap of the...
3 minute read
The Lactic Acid Construct
Historical importance of Lactate The discovery of lactic acid occurred in 1780 when Swedish...
2 minute read
Altitude Training: Beneficial or Just Hot (Less Dense) Air?
Altitude Training a Primer High altitude training is thought to improve performance. The apparent...
2 minute read
Case Study 2: Using Moxy to Dictate Power Training, Sets, Reps, and Recovery
We have recently explored the benefits of strength training as well as outlining how to implement...
3 minute read
Case Study 1: Using Moxy to Dictate Strength Training, Sets, Reps, and Recovery
In the last blog post, we explored the benefits of strength training as well as outlining how to...
3 minute read
Improving Endurance Performance by Strength Training
Consistent training is one of the hallmarks to success in most sports. This is especially true for...
3 minute read
Finding the Limiter with Muscle Oxygen Monitoring to Maximize Athletic Performance
We often talk about identifying physiologic limiters with Moxy. We can determine if an athlete is...
4 minute read
The Relationship Between Oxygen and Phosphocreatine Recovery Kinetics
Three Energy Systems There are three energy systems in the body, all using different substrates to...
2 minute read
How to use Moxy to Monitor Warm-up Status
In Part 1: Creating a Proper Warm-up the principles of a proper warm-up were discussed as well as a...
2 minute read
Creating a Proper Warm-Up
The purpose of a warm-up is simple: to prepare for the workout or race in the best way possible. A...
2 minute read
Moxy and Training Peaks: Putting The Athlete First
Moxy and Training Peaks For the past few years, leading endurance coaches and serious athletes...
3 minute read
HOW ACTIVITY TRACKERS ARE CHANGING THE WAY ATHLETES TRAIN AND WORK OUT
Here's an interview I did on the future of wearable fitness trackers for the Accurofit.com wIncreasing Revenue for Your Training Business: What is Your Differentiator?
In the first post of this series, Increasing Revenue: The ROI of Product & Services in the Fitness...
4 minute read
Denis Šketako: A Practical Success Story
Denis Šketako is a Slovenian triathlete that Moxy has recently begun sponsoring. He has been using...
3 minute read
Understanding the Quality of Muscle Oxygen Metrics
Moxy was the first muscle oxygen monitor developed specifically for athletes. Originally conceived...
7 minute read
Reflection on the National Strength and Conditioning Association Coaches Conference
Earlier in January, we attended the National Strength and Conditioning Association Coaches...
1 minute read
Increasing Revenue: The ROI of Product & Services in the Fitness Training Market
Since we announced Moxy’s Charter Certified Training Center (CCTC) program this past spring, I’ve...
2 minute read
The Moxy Blog: Our Values and the New Year
As we begin a new year, we’ve decided to start posting blogs on a regular basis. In our blogs,...
2 minute read
Update: Moxy & ConnectIQ at the Consumer Electronics Show (CES)
I’m at the Consumer Electronics Show today, joining with Garmin as they announce the rollout of...
1 minute read
How We Use Moxy for Sport-Specific Assessments and Training
What if you could tell how long an athlete could skate full-out, fully recover, and do it again?
3 minute read
How Garmin’s Connect IQ System Benefits Moxy
Garmin’s recent Connect IQ announcement is great news for Moxy. It represents another big step...
1 minute read
“Relative” vs "Absolute" Muscle Oxygenation Measurement: What’s the Difference?
One of the differentiating factors between Moxy and many of the other Near Infrared Spectroscopy...
7 minute read
Training Intensity Zones: Muscle Oxygen and the Limiting System
In this post, I want to go beyond simply determining training intensity zones to determining what...
5 minute read
Setting Training Intensity Zones: Muscle Oxygen
In this post, I will discuss how Muscle Oxygen monitoring is used to determine training intensity...
3 minute read
Training Intensity Zones: Functional Threshold Power
Functional Threshold Power (FTP) has become a very popular method for setting training intensity...
3 minute read
Determining Training Intensity Zones: Lactate Threshold
This is probably the single topic in this blog series on determining training intensity zones...
5 minute read
Determining Training Intensity Zones: VO2 Max
Here is the fourth post in my series on determining training intensity zones. Today’s topic...
3 minute read
Determining Training Intensity Zones: Maximum Heart Rate
This is the third post in my series on determining training intensity zones. The topic of this...
3 minute read
Determining Training Intensity Zones: Rating of Perceived Exertion
Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) is the simplest method for setting training intensity zones....
2 minute read
Using Moxy for Walking and Running [Infographic]
Muscle Oxygenation dynamics precisely reflect changes in muscular metabolism and can be used to...How Muscle Oxygen Relates to VO2 and Blood Lactate
The Moxy Muscle Oxygen Monitor was designed to tell you everything that is going on with your...How We Plan to Handle Your Moxy Data - #MoxyMinute
We developed the Moxy Muscle Oxygen Monitor to contain data that is compatible with any system you...How Moxy is Different Than a Pulse Oximeter - #MoxyMinute
We've gotten a lot of questions recently about what makes the Moxy Monitor different from a Pulse...Why Moxy? A Historical Perspective
The most important aspect of training and exercise science is how we produce usable energy (ATP)...
2 minute read
Drop Set Weight Training
The article cited below shows that Muscle Oxygenation effects anabolic hormone function....
2 minute read
Moxy and Climbing: Breaking Down the Data
I thought I would add another area of possible application for Moxy Monitor: Climbing.
1 minute read
Using Moxy Monitor with ZeroPace
We are pleased to announce that ZeroPace Training Log software has just released compatibility...The First Ever Moxy Monitor Seminar
Imagine yourself in one of the most beautiful cities in the United States, possibly in all of...
1 minute read
An Introduction to Muscle Oxygen Monitoring with Moxy [Infographic]
Athletes are constantly searching for an edge to achieve their goals - an honest way to be faster,...What about Myoglobin?
The topic of Myoglobin often comes up in discussions about Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS),...
1 minute read
Insight into the 3 Major Macro Nutrients for Athletes
The following is a guest blog from Sandy Musson, owner of Trenton, Ontario-based Tri and Run...
2 minute read
Understanding the Hemoglobin and Myoglobin Dissociation Curves
The Hemoglobin and Myoglobin Dissociation Curves, when taken together, represent an important...
2 minute read
Hydration for Athletes
Everybody knows drinking water during the summer is important, but all too often we see athletes...
2 minute read
The Effect of Mitochondrial Density on Athletic Performance
Mitochondria are the power source of your cells. Their task is to convert nutrients you consume...
2 minute read
What is Cardiac Output?
Often trainers and athletes will refer to the importance of increasing cardiac output. But what...
2 minute read
How I think about the Central Governor Model
The Central Governor Model is frequently mentioned in the Moxy Forum. I find this to be a pretty...
2 minute read
The History of the Central Governor Model
The concept behind the central governor model is experienced by runners almost every time they...
2 minute read
Cyclists: Compact or Conventional Gearing?
If your cycling routes involve many climbs that make it difficult to maintain a reasonable...
2 minute read
Perfecting the Cool Down
After a hard workout, you may feel tempted to cut your cool down to just a few minutes of...
3 minute read
Effective Climbing for Cyclists
Developing power for uphill climbs is one of the most challenging cycling skills to master, but it...
2 minute read
Triathletes: How to Cross Train to Increase Performance
If cycling is the most difficult feature of the triathlon for you, it is likely that you spend...
2 minute read
Power Training and Indoor Cycling
If you want to improve you speed throughout the year, whether for mountain biking, road cycling,...
2 minute read
Kona Triathlon Sees Widespread Use of the Power Meter
Every year at theKona World Ironman Championships, triathletes must specify what equipment they...
2 minute read
Is Virtual Cycling the New Reality?
With virtual cycling, you can visit new places at any time of the year without leaving your home....
2 minute read
Understanding the Cadence Factor in Indoor Cycling
Whether you have attended a spinning class or have just observed one through the window at the...
2 minute read
Triathletes: Why Your Training Regimen Should Include Low-Intensity Runs
With a need to improve speed for the big race, it may seem counterproductive to train by running...
2 minute read
Commonly Used Indoor Cycling Terms
If you are new to indoor cycling, but plan to start this winter, it is important to familiarize...
2 minute read
Using Indoor Cycling to Become Better Outdoors
It is no great secret that indoor cycling, also known as spinning, can benefit all types of...
2 minute read
5 Interval Training Workouts for Indoor Cycling
If you want to keep up with your cycling practice over the winter but cannot ride outdoors, try...
2 minute read
Perfecting the Pedal Stroke
For cyclists, there is much more to pedal stroke than simply making the cranks go round. Yet it is...
2 minute read
4 Killer Bike Trainer Workouts
Many people use bike trainer workouts as a chance to exercise while they are engaged in some other...
2 minute read
Does Inspiratory Muscle Training Improve VO2 Max?
The concept of inspiratory muscle training makes sense: because endurance sports cause breathing...
2 minute read
Indoor Bike Trainers: A Brief Overview
For those of you who have been trying to figure out the distinction, indoor bike trainers are...
2 minute read
9 Benefits of Indoor Cycling
Cyclists and triathletes are increasingly turning to indoor cycling (aka “spinning”), with many...
2 minute read
How Cyclists Benefit with Aero Position and Respiratory Muscle Training
Competitive cyclists and triathletes are keenly interested in the idea of aerodynamic posture,...
2 minute read
Relationship Between Hbdiff, TSI, and SmO2
We’ve had a few issues come up comparing readings from Portamon and Moxy Monitor. I’ve looked into...
2 minute read
Does the Brain Control Running Pace?
Every runner has an individual running pace he or she naturally falls into during a steady run...
2 minute read
Using the Central Governor Model to Better Understand Fatigue
Fatigue leading from physical exertion has traditionally been attributed to a depletion of oxygen...
2 minute read
The Difference Between Functional Threshold Power and Lactate Threshold
There are two thresholds used to describe the effects of exercise intensity on the body of an...
2 minute read
How to Establish your Functional Threshold Power
The power meter was invented as long ago as 1988, but it is still treated as a new device by many...
2 minute read
Comparing Critical Power and Functional Threshold Power
Power, considered one of the most reliable indicators of cycling performance, is an excellent...
2 minute read
Managing Training Load with EPOC
In the past, it was always very difficult to measure fatigue accumulation during training. Most...
1 minute read
Using HRV to Measure Training Stress and Recovery
The heart responds immediately to an increase or decrease in stress levels. This phenomenon can be...
1 minute read
A Primer on Heart Rate Variability
It is well known that longer, more intense training sessions increase the risk of overtraining...
2 minute read
How Exercise Improves Mitochondrial Function and Slows the Aging Process
The aging process in humans begins around the age of 40 when muscle mass and strength gradually...
2 minute read
Inducing Mitochondrial Biogenesis with HIIT
It is already known and understood that endurance training induces a number of metabolic...
1 minute read
Why Stroke Volume Trumps Maximal Heart Rate
The heart is an involuntary muscle, meaning it cannot be consciously controlled - a person cannot...
2 minute read
How to Increase VO2 max with HIIT
It was traditionally thought that endurance training that relied on aerobic activities was the...
2 minute read
The Role of Physiological Adaptation in Endurance Performance
Determining the limiting factors in endurance training is essential for athletes looking to...
2 minute read
Using the Wingate Test to Measure Anaerobic Power
The Wingate Test, or Wingate Anaerobic Test (WANT), is one of the most popular measures for...
2 minute read
The Limitations of VO2 Max for Athletes
VO2 max is considered to be a vital component of any endurance athlete's plan. Simply put, it is...
1 minute read
Should Athletes Use Lactate Threshold to Train?
Many athletes use lactate threshold training to improve their endurance capabilities. The theory...
2 minute read
What Exactly is Lactate Threshold, Anyway?
Most coaches and sport scientists recognize lactate threshold as one of the best predictors of...
2 minute read
3 High-Altitude Training Techniques to Delay Muscle Fatigue
The main purpose of high altitude training is to stimulate the production of red blood cells in...
2 minute read
4 Nutrition Tips for High Altitude Training
The demands placed on the body during high altitude training require endurance athletes to give...
2 minute read
7 Benefits of High Altitude Training for Triathletes
As some of the most intense, dedicated competitors on the planet, triathletes are always looking...
2 minute read
Muscle Oxygen Measurement in High Altitude Training
Oxygen is the most important nutrient during exercise, both at sea level and during high altitude...
1 minute read
5 Core Strength Training Exercises for Triathletes
Core training is one of the most important aspects of a triathlete’s strength-based workouts, as a...
2 minute read
The Difference Between Muscle Fatigue and Oxygen Debt
We all know the feeling. Every muscle is tense, every pore is dripping sweat, even your lungs...
2 minute read
8 Benefits of High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT)
High intensity interval training (HIIT) refers to aerobic workouts that alternate between high and...
2 minute read
Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) to Determine Lactate Threshold
A letter from the CEO of Fortiori - Makers of the Moxy Monitor:
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