How to Establish your Functional Threshold Power

The power meter was invented as long ago as 1988, but it is still treated as a new device by many...

Comparing Critical Power and Functional Threshold Power

Power, considered one of the most reliable indicators of cycling performance, is an excellent...

Managing Training Load with EPOC

In the past, it was always very difficult to measure fatigue accumulation during training. Most...

Using HRV to Measure Training Stress and Recovery

The heart responds immediately to an increase or decrease in stress levels. This phenomenon can be...

A Primer on Heart Rate Variability

It is well known that longer, more intense training sessions increase the risk of overtraining...

How Exercise Improves Mitochondrial Function and Slows the Aging Process

The aging process in humans begins around the age of 40 when muscle mass and strength gradually...

Inducing Mitochondrial Biogenesis with HIIT

It is already known and understood that endurance training induces a number of metabolic...

The Relationship between Muscle Oxygen and Mitochondrial Function

Why Stroke Volume Trumps Maximal Heart Rate

The heart is an involuntary muscle, meaning it cannot be consciously controlled - a person cannot...

How to Increase VO2 max with HIIT

It was traditionally thought that endurance training that relied on aerobic activities was the...